European Union Policies at a Time of Crisis
In recent years, and more specifically, since the outbreak of
the Eurozone crisis in 2010, the model of integration has changed. The rising political
power of the strongest Member States and the political segmentation of the European Union
into separate circles of integration have become the new reality. These processes have
been accompanied by a range of related changes, such as the growing politicisation of the
European Commission, increasing institutionalisation of the euro area and petrification of
the geographical and political division into central and peripheral states in the EU. At
this point, it is difficult to predict whether these changes will prove temporary or
permanent, and what will be their systemic consequences (or, in other words, how will they
impact Europe’s political system). It is similarly difficult to judge how the changes
will influence specific EU policies. An attempt to answer these difficult but compelling
questions is the objective of our book.
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse,
Professor of Political Science and Head of Department of European Union Policies at the
University of Warsaw; author of In Search of Geo-economics in Europe and coeditor of The
Aspects of a Crisis
The authors of this volume offer a comprehensive analysis of
conditions and results of EU policies in the context of European integration. The
ambitious scope of the project required the knowledge of economics, history, political
science, international relations, law and even sociology. The authors fulfill their
promise to the readers: the volume contains a comprehensive and detailed elucidation of
the influence of the crisis on the integration practice, and on the contemporary
conditions of EU integration, including both its structure and functioning.
Zbigniew Czachór,
author of The Crisis and Disrupted Dynamics of the European Union
The volume edited by Tomasz G. Grosse promises to be a very
valuable contribution to Polish European studies. It belongs to the broader field of
critical reflections on European integration and as such, it opens new possibilities of
constructive debate about the present and the future of the European Union.
Janusz Ruszkowski,
coauthor of Euro: Common Currency of the United Europe
Introduction. European Policies and Change in the EU Integration Model
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse
Introduction
1. The growing importance of intergovernmentalism
2. What kind of an integration model emerged during the crisis?
3. Political segmentation in Europe
4. Main research questions and hypotheses
1. Systematisation of Concepts and Models Related to Differentiated Integration
and Political Segmentation
Joanna Ziółkowska
Introduction
1.1. Differentiated integration and political segmentation
1.2. The beginnings of the debate on differentiated integration
1.3. The second wave of the debate
1.4. The debate in the 1990s
1.5. The differentiation debate following the Amsterdam Treaty
1.6. A classification of differentiated integration categories
1.7. A proposed classification
Conclusions
2. European Union Foreign Policy at a Time of EU Crisis and Fragmentation
Paweł J. Borkowski, Małgorzata Smutek
Introduction
2.1. The appeal of a Europe engulfed in crisis
2.2. Implementation of the Lisbon Treaty in times of crisis
2.3. EU international activities in a regional and problem-related approach, in the
context of the crisis and the threat of fragmentation
Conclusions
3. The Impact of the Changing European Integration Model on the Common Security
and Defence Policy
Jacek Czaputowicz
Introduction
3.1. The impact of the crisis on the CSDP
3.2. Positions of Member States with regard to the CSDP
3.3. Division lines in the CSDP
Conclusions
.
4. Economic and Financial Crisis in the European Union: The Definition of the
Concept and Scholarly Discussion Over It
Artur Nowak-Far
Introduction
4.1. The economic and financial crisis in the Eurozone
4.1.1. The characteristics of the Eurozone Crisis
4.2. The Eurozone crisis as a crisis of the EU’s economic governance system
Conclusions
.
5. Social Policy at a Time of Changes in the Model of European Integration
Jadwiga Nadolska, Krzysztof Szewior
Introduction
5.1. Social policy in the process of European integration
5.2. Social policy in times of crisis
5.3. The place of European social policy in the new architecture of economic
governance in the EU
5.4. Forms of interference of EU bodies in Member States’ social spheres, within the
framework of the new economic governance
5.4.1. Assistance packages
5.4.2. The European Semester
5.5. European social policy: between supranationality and intergovernmentalism
5.6. Growth of asymmetry in the social sphere between North and South
Conclusions
6. Cohesion Policy During the Eurozone Crisis
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse
Introduction
6.1. The influence of the crisis on the cohesion policy
6.2. Increased intergovernmental or community action?
6.3. Divisions and hierarchy between Member States
6.4. The dividing line in cohesion policy
Conclusions
7. The Common Agricultural Policy at a Time of Crisis
Justyna Miecznikowska
Introduction
7.1. Divisions within the Common Agricultural Policy: consequences of diversified agrarian
structure and production potential
7.2. Divisions in the Common Agricultural Policy: consequences of different direct
payments schemes
7.3. Negotiating the MFF: on financing the post-2013 CAP
7.4. Discussion on the post-2013 CAP: disputes and divisions within the EU
7.5. CAP reform and segmentation of the EU
Conclusions
8. Energy Policy and the Change in the Model of European Integration
Kamila Pronińska
Introduction
8.1. Energy policy in the contemporary processes of European integration
8.2. Determinants of EU energy policy during the crisis in the Eurozone
8.3. Intergovernmentalism vs. the community method in EU energy policy
8.4. EU energy policy – a mechanism to augment segmentation in the EU or an area in
which these tendencies can be halted?
Conclusions: Energy policy at a time of crisis – divergent challenges and conflicting
interests?
9. European Union Climate Policy – the Crisis as a Catalyst for Change
Krzysztof M. Księżopolski
Research objectives
9.1. On the essence of climate change and EU climate policy
9.2. Conditions and division relating to climate policy costs
9.3. Towards a new integration model in European Union climate policy
9.4. The Climate and Energy Package 2030 and the deepening of divisive tendencies
9.5. Segmentation in the EU climate policy
Conclusions
10. Intergovernmentalism vs. Supranationalism in the Migration Policy and Home
Affairs of the European Union
Jolanta Szymańska
Introduction
10.1. The direction of “communitarisation”: a historical development of cooperation in
the area of home affairs and justice
10.2. Reversing the trend? The area of freedom, security and justice in the post-Lisbon
period
10.3. A change in the political mood, and the unfavourable atmosphere surrounding
migration
10.4. The first cracks – the “Arab Spring” crisis and the Schengen system reform
10.5. The migration crisis and the fight over the distribution of refugees in the European
Union
10.6. Freedom of movement – not under the same rules for everyone?
10.7. “De-Lisbonisation” of cooperation in the field of home affairs: the
implementation of the Stockholm Programme and EU priorities in the area of freedom,
security and justice for the years 2015–2019
Conclusions
Summary. Towards Regional Disintegration Theory
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse
Introduction
1. Results of crises
2. Increased intergovernmentalism and the hierarchy of power
3. The ambiguous role of the Commission and the weakening of communitarianism
4. Divisions in the EU
Conclusions: Towards a theory of regional disintegration
Bibliography
About the Authors
Index of names
352 pages, Paperback
